Which amendment protects the right to a grand jury and prohibits double jeopardy?

The 5th Amendment is significant because it establishes crucial protections for individuals in legal proceedings. It includes the requirement for a grand jury to indict a person before they can be tried for serious crimes, ensuring that a group of peers must find sufficient evidence to proceed with prosecution. This serves as a safeguard against unfounded or arbitrary charges by the government.

Additionally, the 5th Amendment prohibits double jeopardy, which means that an individual cannot be tried twice for the same crime once they have been acquitted or convicted. This protection is designed to prevent the government from harassing individuals with repeated trials for the same offense, thereby instilling a sense of finality towards legal proceedings.

These components of the 5th Amendment represent fundamental principles of justice within the legal system, designed to protect against government overreach and to ensure fairness in the judicial process.