What is the purpose of a writ known as mandamus?

A writ of mandamus serves a specific purpose in the legal system: it is a court order directing a public body or government official to fulfill their duties as required by law. This legal mechanism ensures that public authorities are held accountable and that they adhere to their legal obligations. The function of a mandamus is crucial, particularly when an individual or entity has exhausted all other legal remedies and needs judicial intervention to compel action on the part of a government official who is failing to perform a required duty.

In the context of governance and administrative law, mandamus acts as a tool to enforce the administration of justice and ensure that laws are followed. It is particularly relevant in cases where there is an obligation for an act to be performed, yet that act has not taken place, impacting the rights or interests of individuals or the public.

The other options do not align with the fundamental purpose of a writ of mandamus. The imposition of a penalty for noncompliance, initiation of a criminal investigation, or granting permission for a legal appeal pertain to different legal concepts and remedies within the judicial system. Thus, the correct answer underscores the unique role of mandamus in ensuring compliance with legal duties.