What are the two key requirements for the Carroll Doctrine to apply?

The Carroll Doctrine is a principle in law enforcement that allows officers to conduct a warrantless search of a vehicle if they have probable cause to believe that it contains evidence of a crime. The key requirements for this doctrine to apply are that the vehicle must be mobile, meaning it can be moved, and that there is probable cause. This mobility aspect is crucial because evidence can be quickly removed or destroyed if the vehicle is allowed to leave the scene, hence justifying the warrantless search to preserve potential evidence.

Probable cause serves as the legal standard that justifies the search without a warrant. If officers believe, based on factual evidence and reasonable inference, that contraband or evidence of a crime is present in the vehicle, they are permitted to conduct a search. Thus, both the vehicle's mobility and the existence of probable cause are essential elements for the Carroll Doctrine to be applicable.